Multicultural competency Essay

Multicultural competency is without a doubt a basic device required in managing customers who have various races, recognitions and societies. Having this aptitude will be of an incredible favorable position in the advancement of directing meetings. Also, as indicated by Pedersen, multiculturalism is â€Å"a wide scope of different gatherings without reviewing, looking at, or positioning them as preferred or more terrible over each other and without denying the particular and reciprocal or even conflicting viewpoints that each gathering brings with it† (1991, p. 4). To adequately deal with multiculturalism circumstances in guiding, advisors must create various degrees of mindfulness which are simply the accompanying: mindfulness, consciousness of one’s own way of life, attention to bigotry, sexism and neediness, familiarity with singular contrasts, consciousness of different societies and attention to assorted variety. † More in this way, to be effective in getting multicultural competency, instructors should likewise know about various speculations and explicit directing practices. In any case, the most significant point to recall is that advocates should initially expand on a â€Å"sense of worth† for their individual social foundations before they can begin understanding different societies (Locke, 1986, pp. 119-137). Reaction to Post No. 2 Jennifer Weeks Among the three shortcomings referenced by the guide, I imagine that the issue on ending a meeting with a customer is the counselor’s primary issue. In any meeting, I think time is of the embodiment. Customers pay the guides every hour so they ought to get their money’s worth for exact moment that they go through with their advisors. In accordance with this, guides ought to build up a methodical method of setting up customer instructor relationship and simultaneously successfully and rapidly settling the issues of the customers so as to expand the time dispensed for the sesssion. Additionally, guides ought to figure out how to end the meeting without being discourteous or inconsiderate. This should be possible by setting up a course of events for the meeting and getting ready fillers which will be utilized to occupy the progression of the discussion on the off chance that it gets past the timetable or the concentration for that particular meeting. References Locke, D. C. (1990). A not all that commonplace perspective on multicultural guiding. Advisor Education and Supervision, 30, 18-25. Pedersen, P. B. (1991). Prologue to the uncommon issue on multiculturalism as a fourth power in advising. Diary of Counseling and Development, 70, 4.

CIPD Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

CIPD - Essay Example The stances and development inside the preparation room is significant for the mentor as it keeps the students energetic alongside a built up yet pivoting eye to eye connection that shows that singular consideration from the coach is available. I urged them to approach questions and for figuring out how to happen, I continued summing up what we gained from the past slide and asked them inquiries to fortify learning. A sufficient break of an hour was kept between two segments of the preparation and it was urging to see that the eagerness of the students continued as before in reality a few members came up to me in the break to pose inquiries. I discovered that other than availability of students and helpful condition of the preparation office, a significant factor that assumed a key job in this preparation, was my mastery on subject, eagerness and inviting conduct that made premium and raised desires for the students (Ford et al., 1998). The members were prepared experts, subsequently making an encouraging domain where learning can happen made my activity simpler despite the fact that my freshness and capacity to relate their dynamic guides to hypothetical structures is a shortcoming that I have to take a shot at. Further once a member began sharing his/her experience I couldn't limit them in the allocated time. I have discovered that the student can't control each part of the preparation particularly when he is countered with experienced experts. One can dare to dream in actuality to narrators there will be a few people that will keep things short and brief. It was a phenomenal encounter where I saw numerous positives, my broad research and readings on the topic helped me characterize and answer the inquiries from members enough. Members found the Cynefin survey extremely intriguing and were anxious to know there scores when they were finished with their

45 Free Online Classes to Improve Your Career

45 Free Online Classes to Improve Your Career We live in a highly competitive world. Jobs and promotions seem to favor those with more education or some special skills. You feel limited by your qualifications and probably threatened by the possibility of being rendered redundant at work.What do you do?You don’t have enough money to sustain your lifestyle as well as further education. Still, your work and family schedules don’t allow you to enroll for any courses.Not to worry.We have compiled a list of 45 free online courses to help you improve your chances of improving your career from the comfort of your home. Moreover, some of the courses here are self-paced. You can start anytime and finish anytime.These courses are categorized into career fields. Check them out and see which one interests you. You don’t have to take the courses which are in line with your career only. Consider expanding your skills by taking a course which will build your capacity in other ways too.ENTREPRENEURSHIPEntrepreneurship is easily the one mos t needed career lines in the world. With unemployment plaguing the world, entrepreneurs who succeed in expanding their businesses provide some relief. As such, it is critical that they get the necessary help to do this.Whether you are an entrepreneur or aspiring to become one, there are lots of free online courses you can take to better the chances of your startup’s success. Here are some great ones to start you off.Lean startups, UdemyStarting a business is not as easy as many think. If you have started one, then you know this well. If not yet, then now you know.Rarely will you be able to start big. You will often start small because of financial constraints. As such, you cannot afford to employ many employees, spend as much as you would like or even go into full production. This is why going the lean way is important.In lean operations, you basically cut off anything that is secondary in nature to remain only with the most necessary operations. This may mean cutting off on possi ble number of employees at the beginning. If selling goods or services, then it could mean starting with only a small product line.Take this course from Udemy here.How to build a startup, UdacityIt is one thing to start a business and another to grow it. If starting a business is challenging in itself, how much more is growing it?The reason you started your business in the first place was to satisfy the goal of providing a solution. As you do this, you eventually have to grow. But how exactly do you get to the point of growth?This course from Udacity will not only answer this question but also help you gain industry-relevant knowledge. You will learn the customer development process and how to test your ideas early.21 Critical lessons for entrepreneurs, UdemyOne of the most important aspects of growing your business is having a mentor. Mentors are important because they have the experience which you lack. Unlike those who give theoretic advice, mentors give you practical advice. The y share the insights they have learned through their own journey.A good way of seeing this in action is looking at the difference between learning in class about how to run a business and actually running a business. With the changing trends in the business world, you need someone who has been there and learned through practice.And that is where this course comes in. Jason Nazar, CEO of Docstoc will share with you what he has learned from working with small businesses as well as working in his own business.How to build an online business, UdemyThere are many options available for online business. You can decide to sell merchandise, offer online consultancy services, be a freelancer working with clients from abroad etc.All the same, running an online business is a bit different from the traditional business run from physical buildings. This has many advantages which make it a very good choice. Key among the advantages is the low cost of starting.With an online business, you do not ne ed to rent huge spaces for employees and machines. All you have to do in most cases, is have a computer and an internet connection. However, there are challenges too.But since you have to succeed, this course teaches you how to build your own website and build an online business which can make $5,000 per month.Foundations of business strategy, UdemyFrom Coca-cola, Google, Microsoft and even Lego, you can be sure there is serious thinking going on behind the scenes of a successful company.No business succeeds without strategizing on how to beat the competition and maintain quality products or services even with little funds without strategy. This is the starting point for business success and without it, action will not lead you to success.As something that really separates the small from the big, average from the successful, business strategy is not something you just pick up as you go along. You either spend a lot of time thinking, go through a process of trial and error or hire an experienced executive. Keep in mind that the experienced executive will not be cheap. Take this course and learn the fundamentals which you cannot grow without.WEB DEVELOPMENTWe are in the digital age and everything is happening online. This might be in the form of a normal website, e-commerce site, blog, Facebook page, Twitter account or any other social media platform.Every business has to connect with its customers. And an effective way of doing that is by going online. With customers searching for businesses online, it becomes necessary for your businesses to be on the internet.Html and css, Khan AcademyHTML is the backbone of every website. Whether you are using a template or building the site by writing the code, HTML is key. Although there are free templates and content management systems which can simplify your work, learning HTML goes a long way in making you a pro web developer.CSS on the other hand is what enables styling of web pages. It takes care of all the formatting of the web page. HTML itself can do some formatting but CSS is better as it was designed primarily for that. So, register for this course from Khan Academy and be on your way to becoming a pro web developer.Sql, Khan AcademyIn web development, rarely will you have a project which doesn’t include a database. Every modern website has some data which it either stores, manipulates, retrieves or all of these. That means the data has to be stored somewhere, and that is a database.There are many types of databases but the good thing is that the majority of the common ones are accessed using one languageâ€"SQL. Despite there being some minor differences between some versions of Sql, most commands are the same.As a must in web development, Khan Academy offers to start you off.Php, CodecourseThere are many programming languages but some stand out from the rest. Php is one of those which stand out. It is widely used in web development and is necessary if you are to claim any expertise.Php†™s importance is for the back-end. When web users interact with your website and provide or request data, it is Php that works behind the scene. This language is very dynamic and powerful enough that it is used on major websites like Wikipedia, Facebook and WordPress.Codecourse has a free course to help you learn the language and become grounded enough.SYSTEM DEVELOPMENTWe are living in a world where technology is the solution provider. Unless it is technological innovation, few solutions count. This is fueled by the rise of Internet of Things (IoT) where the world is moving towards full inter-connectivity.This means that there are systems which will be required to access the data being provided by these interconnected devices. The simultaneous communication will have to be handled. Automation is also needed in industries and business to cut down on costs as well as increase productivity.All these mean that systems have to be built. Below are a few courses which can help you on this field.Introduction to Java, MITJava is a popular programming language. Mainly because it borrows from the popular C and C++ languages though with some modifications. Intended to be easier to learn compared to these, it has been embraced by many professionals, becoming a great choice among programmers.Java has been credited with some big projects like Minecraft, Gmail, PDF Studio and others. You can be sure that it capable of doing the job.To start you off, MIT provides this online course to help you form a foundation on which you can build more advanced skills. Practical skills for java developers, edX (TU Delft)Since the process of systems development is rarely a short one, there are some practical skills worth learning early enough before you land that big project.These will enable you to have a hands on approach in solving programming problems or when designing a solution. Instead of being green as you work on a solution, take this course from TU Delft, and have some work experi ence passed on to you.Android programming, UdacityModern systems have a mobile side to them. People are often accessing systems through mobile apps and any system that does not offer this convenience risks being rejected. As a result, now more than ever, there is a need for mobile apps programmers as this is where the attention is.With the course from Udacity, you will learn the basics as you begin with the user interface. You will then have the opportunity to proceed into more advanced topics like storage and multi-screen apps.Iphone programming, UdemyDespite the IOS platform not having a big market share like Android, it has a very solid following. Iphone’s customers are very loyal to the brand and there is always a need for apps to be developed for them.Those users who move to IOS from Android usually complain that there are fewer apps in the app store compared to the google play store. With the app store being under stricter control than the play store, this is an opportunity for growth.Take this course offered by Udemy and learn the process of building an Iphone app. You can never go wrong with that.Python machine learning, edX (MIT)Python is another programming language that has gained massive popularity. It is a general purpose language and that makes it useful in many situations. Python has been used in projects like Youtube, Dropbox and Instagram. Python is also being used in embedded systems, though lagging behind in rank after C/C++.Machine learning is becoming more popular as science strives to create systems and robots which can interact with humans just like humans. These systems are however intended to do more. Since this is the future, why not learn from MIT how to implement this technology using python?STATISTICSInformation is all over. It is generated daily and analyzed for the purposes of understanding situations and their causes. Statistics are also important for planning and both governments and organizations use the data to come up with policies and make decisions.If your career is in statistics, here are some free courses for you.Measuring health outcomes in field surveys, edX (MIT)When collecting information in the field, you have to know how to put the outcome of your survey into measurable data.This course has been designed specifically for those in the medical field. Some of the lessons you will learn include how to develop a questionnaire, designing the research studies and ethical issues related to health research.Learn more from MIT.Lean research skills for conducting interviews, edX (MIT)Are you planning to interview people as part of your research? Then you will do well to learn some research skills especially useful when in unfamiliar settings.This course does not assume you have any prior knowledge on interviews and so it’s a great start if getting into the surveys field. You will learn the lean research principles of rigor, relevance, respect, and right-size.After taking this course, you will be abl e to do your surveys even in unfamiliar settings.Survey research methodology, Polimi Open KnowledgeIn a statistics career, research is almost at the center of everything. Although there is analysis to be done, research is the source of the data to be analyzed. As such, you need to understand the methods of collecting structured data and also how the analysis is done.This course teaches you the whole process from definitions to data analysis. No prerequisite knowledge is needed.Comparative research designs and methods, edX (FedericaX)Before you set out to do a survey, it is crucial to know how the various research designs and methods compare to one another. Without an in-depth understanding of this, you might start off the research only to later realize the need to have used a different approach.This course teaches you about systematic comparative analysis and also introduces you to modern software developed to handle complex cases.FINANCIAL SERVICESApart from those who work on the t hings they are passionate about, many people are working for money. But those who are passionate about their jobs also consider money as important. With needs such as savings and investments, there will never be a shortage in the need for financial advisers.Below are some courses to help you improve your career prospects in this technology age.Fintech ethics and risks, edX (Hong Kong University)Fintech is a combination of financial services and technology. It is basically the new technology that is aimed at improving financial service delivery. Fintech can also be said to be disruptive technology i.e. technology that is set to bring about a big change in the way things are done.Being fairly new, it is still in its early stages of adoption and there are no set policies and procedures implemented to govern the innovation. This is why some of the technology is yet to be approved of by large corporations and government.Taking this course from HKU  will help you be in front of your colle agues as you get information on the best practices as well as the risks involved.Blockchain and fintech, edX (Hong Kong University)Fintech is the general technology while blockchain is one of the technologies defining fintech. Blockchain brings a totally new perspective to financial operations. The technology eliminates the traditional way of recording transactions and uses cryptography for a more secure and open system.If you are working in the financial sector, it is important to know how this technology works. And to help you out, here is a free course from Hong Kong University.Money and debt markets, edX (IIMB)We cannot talk about financial services without mentioning money markets. Millions of people invest in different types of investment vehicles on a daily basis and watch their money grow.If you are to be one of the sought-after financial advisers, then the money markets are important for you to understand. People need advice on which markets are the best, how to invest, whe n to do it etc. To be a valuable adviser, learn about these from the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore.POLITICAL SCIENCEAre you an aspiring political scientist? Do you listen to political analysts and marvel at their knowledge and ability to predict events and outcomes? Then turn your desires into tangible success. Check out the below courses to help you gain the understanding you need for a solid career in political science. US political institutions, edX (Havard University)There is no way you will become a political scientist by just studying history and not understanding the political institutions. You have to know how the courts work, how the democrats and republicans think and operate, the powers of the president etc.This is a fundamental lesson before you even start going deep into history.Contemporary issues in world politics, edX (FedericaX)There are many changes that have taken place in the world which you will do well to know about. With history behind us but threa tening to repeat itself, how do the modern times shape our societies and world in general?This course from FedericaX will help you understand the driving forces of international politics.Global politics, edX (FedericaX)Politics determines a lot of things, from social freedom to economic stability. Since countries govern themselves yet are subject to international organizations, what does the future political scene look like?Looking at life, societies and governments from the lenses of history, anthropology, sociology, economics and psychology, this course seeks to understand how times have changed. You can register here and join the team that looks into the future of humanity.DESIGNINGIf you do any kind of drawing, then we got you covered. Since you play a big role in the look of magazines, websites, buildings and everything that has a face, here are some free courses to help you advance.3D modeling from architectural drawings, edX (IITB)Gone are the days of drawing in 2D. Putting i mages on a flat surface doesn’t sell anymore. Your customers want to see it as it would appear in real life. For this reason, you should learn 3D modeling. Whether you are designing a house or a bridge, this will help you showcase your ideas better.This course from the Indian Institute of Technology Bombay will guide you through architectural visualizations and use the Blender 3D creation tool to demonstrate the concepts taught.Introduction to graphic design, UdemyGraphic design is growing more popular by the day. The skill of generating images and drawings for any purpose is a great one to have. Yet not everyone has it. Fortunately, you can learn in case you desire to.This course offers you what possibly no other course provides. It does not teach you any Photoshop tricks or How-Tos, but the very fundamentals needed to be a graphic designer. After taking it, you will be able to think like a designer and not just think of how to edit images.Thinking like a designer is the way to b ecome a real designer. Apply here for free.Logo design in Adobe Illustrator, UdemyYou obviously know that Adobe is the reigning king of design software. At least you have heard of Photoshop and its image manipulation abilities. But that is for photos, just as the name puts it. Although you can do some original work on it, Illustrator is what you need to use to create new material.And what better way to start than with logo design? As simple as the project might seem, it is really the best place to start. Drawing the lines and shapes which form a company’s logo will get your skills growing fast.Take this course and learn how to design with simple shapes, using negative space, choosing the right typeface etc. These and other lessons will help you understand the techniques used in logo creation.PROJECT MANAGEMENTBig tasks are often handled as projects. However, projects can also be small. A project can be simply defined as any task which has multiple processes or sub-tasks. This mean s that several people will be working together and therefore, proper management will be needed.You may have been tasked with managing a project at work. Or you want to learn so as to be able to do it when called upon. Even if for any other reason, the below courses offer a good place to start.Applied scrum, edX (University of Maryland)Scrum is a project management technique which has been popularized by software developers. It is based on the agile methodology and is widely used in large projects.This is a necessary project management technique to learn if you are a project manager or aspire to handle projects. This course teaches you the processes, roles, mechanics and philosophies behind scrum.From the course, you will also learn how scrum differs from other agile implementations as well as the pitfalls of the agile methodology.Driving speed through agile planning, edX (University of Maryland)Agile is the methodology on which project management frameworks have been built. One of i ts biggest advantages is the ability to deliver a working product quickly. This brings about another advantage: lower costs.As such, in your project management role, utilizing this methodology will guarantee you these advantages. All the same, you need to be aware of the principles of task management under the agile method. Taking this course will help you understand that.Agile leadership principles, edX (University of Maryland)As a project management technique, the agile methodology has been applied to leadership. This has brought a significant shift in how leadership is conducted. Unlike the old days of having a leader who has all the control, teamwork becomes the new way under an agile methodology.Through this course, you will learn how leading under an agile system redefines leadership and distributes roles.LEADERSHIP / MANAGEMENTSome of the things that clearly distinguish a leader from a follower are vision, focus and a desire to develop others. In all these things, you have to lead without falling under the weight of any pressure. The below courses will help you add to your bag of skills.Creative thinking: techniques and tools for success, edX (Imperial College London)There are very fewâ€"if anyâ€"successes that can be achieved without a touch of creativity. And if you thought that creativity is only for those in the art careers, you are wrong. There is a place for creativity everywhere. Including in your business and personal life.This course teaches you the importance of creativity in tackling challenges as well as how to use brainstorming techniques for the best results.Influencing stakeholders, edX (TU Delft)This is a must course for you if you are working in an organization where you have to convince the stakeholders. As a leader, you will have to engage with different personalities whom you cannot ignore. As such, you need to learn how to communicate with them and win their support.This course will teach you how to understand the interests of indiv idual stakeholders and their perspectives. You will then know how to handle your team (employees) and get cooperation from those with power over you.Leadership and influence, edX (University of Maryland)Influence does not end in the boardroom with stakeholders. It flows down to the employees under you. Although you may not be directly interacting with employees at all levels, your influence reaches them. Your style of leadership is evident and everything you do easily gets noticed.When you learn how influence works, you will realize the need to probably change some aspects of your leadership so as to motivate and more smoothly direct your staff in the right direction. Take this course and learn.Effective decision making, edX (TU Delft)Thinking is great but it is decisions which matter most. As a leader, you are responsible for what happens in your organization. And that responsibility means you will be making decisions. It is therefore crucial that you learn how to make effective de cisions.This course helps you learn this and also teaches you why you should take into account the uncertainty of future developments.TEACHINGNot many people have dreams and goals of becoming teachers. They want careers in medicine, IT or even business fields. However, teachers are of great importance and if not for any other reason, at least because they teach those in other careers.If you are in this field, be proud of yourself. Below are some of the courses you can take to further your skill level.Scratch: programming for kids, edX (TU Delft)Computer programming skills are a must have for today’s kids. Whether they will be professional coders, doctors or even attorneys. Programming is a skill worth learning early. The beautiful thing about programming is that it enables you to utilize your time especially when faced with repetitive tasks.Won’t you like to see your students or your own children writing small computer scripts to automate tasks that have to be done often? Learni ng how to write computer programs also develops thinking as kids learn how to solve problems using logic. This course will help you teach this skill to kids.Scratch: programming for teachers, edX (TU Delft)Scratch is a beautiful way to teach programming using fun videos which make it easy for children to learn. As a teacher, you need to have a deeper knowledge and understanding so as to teach effectively.With a course designed for teachers, you will learn all the basics as well as have the opportunity to broaden your scope by learning the basics of the python language. This has been included in the course so you won’t have to look for other resources.Introduction to educational psychology, Modern States and University of Nevada, RenoPsychology is not just for psychiatrists and counselors. Being a science about the mind and helping understand human behavior, psychology can be a game changer in your teaching career.With this 4-week course, you will learn the principles of learning a nd cognition, teaching methods and classroom management, child growth and development, and evaluation and assessment of learning.You will be better placed to handle a class and help your students achieve their learning goals. ONLINE MARKETINGIf businesses are developing an online presence, then marketing is also happening online. There can never be any business without marketing. Being a non-traditional platform for business, you will not go wrong when you take some lessons to help you sell to the online market.Social media strategies, buffer.comThe main reason businesses are going online is to connect with customers. Since you are targeting the same customers your competition is after, you have to employ some strategies.. And this is where this course comes in.Some of the lessons you will learn are how to use video marketing while on a budget, the must-have image creation tools for marketers and the social media algorithms you need to understand and how to use them in your favor.Th e course comes in email form, one email a day for 25 days.Getting started with google analytics, UdemyGoogle, the biggest search engine, has provided an easy-to-use and comprehensive marketing tool for any marketer to use. Using this tool, you can see how effective your online campaigns have been and how much traffic they have gathered.Instead of spending a lot of time learning on your own, take this course and easily master this tool. You will learn how to implement Google Analytics, interpret the data it provides, how to translate that data into actionable insights, and other lessons.Email marketing crash course, hubspotGone are the days where you used to send an email just to announce that your new shipment has been received. You can use email to do more effective marketing. And to get you started and running fast, is this free crash course from hubspot.It teaches you how to grow an organic email list, avoid spam filters when sending bulk emails, nurture your leads and improve yo ur conversion rates. After taking this course, you can expect better business online.Internet marketing, copybloggerQuite different from email marketing, this is intended for those marketing through their websites. With Google searches being the number one way to search for businesses online, how do you rank higher than your competition?Learn all about Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and how content marketing works. Wondering about lead generation? Such topics are covered in this course that comes in the form of ebooks delivered via email.You may not be aware of it but there is a lot of lead generation that comes from these techniques. Register for this course and change your website if you have to. The results will be there to prove you right.WRITINGWriting is a career that satisfies mostly those with an artistic mind. Most writers love some form of art. Since art is a means of expressing yourself, it flows naturally out of you. But that doesn’t mean you’re going to be automat ically successful in communicating.If you are a professional writer, you will greatly benefit from the guidance you get from those who have been in this career for a while. And some of them offer help for free. Check out the courses below.Speech writing, globalspeechwriter.comDo you write speeches for your clients or boss? If so, you need to take this course. Writing a speech is not as easy as people think and if you are already writing, then you know this to be true.This course will teach you how to plan the speech, what to focus on and how to deliver the message. It comes through weekly emails for a total of 10 weeks.Fiction writing, The Open UniversityBeing a work of imagination, it is easy to think that you don’t need any lessons on this. But the lessons are important. They will help you add so much value to your writings. From building your characters to plot development, there is certainly a lot that learning can help you with.This course teaches you how to create fictional characters, how to present them in stories, read as a writer etc. You will also learn the importance of peer reviewing and feedback.Novel writing, reedsy learningWriting a long story can be a daunting task. You may first feel as though you have enough content only to get stuck once you begin. Or at the middle. You may feel like the new ideas your mind is generating are no longer aligning with your original story idea. What do you do?Through this course, you will learn how to create characters, build the world of your novel, manage the pace of your writing and even perfect your voice as an author. You can either receive the course through email or take it from this website.Non-fiction writing, reedsy learningWhen writing non-fiction material, you have to be careful to only give factual information. Non-fiction writing often includes research since accuracy is necessary. Whether writing about a past event or about a topic of your expertise, there are rules, or best practices which wil l guide you to success.Here is a free course which will teach you writing hacks to get started, how to learn from the reviews of similar books, how to hook your readers and how to stay productive throughout the writing process.Business writing, reedsy learningWriting for the business world is very different from other kinds of writing. This is where your expertise really comes out. In the business world, books are referred to as “the new business card”. This is because they position you as a thought leader in your industry.If that is true, and it is, then you can’t just write simply because you have the content. There is the structure of the book to think about. There is also the intended goal of the book as well as your target market. This course will teach you these and also help you set appropriate writing goals.CONCLUSIONAs you can see, you don’t have to get stuck with little knowledge because you cannot afford more education. Take as many of these courses as possible an d increase your capacity. You will soon need that knowledge.

The Lost Dog By Emily Benoit - 1118 Words

The Lost Dog By. Emily Benoit From the time Lizzy was fourteen to sixteen, she felt like she was a messed up magnet. Every now and then things will get turned around and get messed up for her it all started when the family went on vacation. Lizzy come on! Mom exclaimed Lizzy came running down the stairs with her sweatshirt half on her little sister on the last step. Your breakfast is on the table, and Lizzy watch where you re going you could have knocked Ella off her feet. Yes mom Lizzy sat down and took a bite out of her bacon. What are you doing we don t have time, bring it out to the car. Lizzy slipped on her moccasins and dragged her and Ella s bag out to the car. As Lizzy was getting†¦show more content†¦Mom I need go I left the door open and Bell is gone. Lizzy said with fear I m going with you.Honey me and Lizzy need go home, I am calling an Uber I ll text you. Mom announced. When they got home, they went around the neighborhood and asked if they have seen a small chocolate lab pup. They also put out food, but they got no luck, they put up flyers and after a few weeks offered a money award thinking it will engage people to give the pup back if found.When Dad came home, he spread the word around work after a month the family thought she was dead and gave up. One day Lizzy came home from school and mom was home crying. What wrong mom?Lizzy asked Nothing Mom I m not five, what s wrong. I don t think it s time for you know yet, wait till your father is home. Did Grandma die? Lizzy asked with tears in her eye. No Ella and Jordan won t even understand, they don t even know how talk ,so it s just me, you are telling. Your dad and I broke up is that what you want know Elizabeth! Mom yelled with tears rolling down her face. What does this mean? It just happened I don t know what s going to happen, you three are probably going move and live with me because your Dad owns this house and you will get to see him every now and then. What made you break up? He was cheating on me with a fellow employee. I m sorry, Mom. It s not your fault can you go and give Jourdan some food?Show MoreRelatedSadie Hawkins Day and Valentine Grams18321 Words   |  74 Pagessome potentially contaminated pet foods to be recalled. Surprisingly, a number of dog treats contain peanut butter and some have been traced back to Peanut Corp. America, where the tainted products are processed reports MSNBC (Microsoft/National Broadcasting Company). On Feb. 9, two dog food products were recalled due to contamination in Plattsburgh, N.Y. â€Å"Happy Tails multi-flavored dog treats and Great Choice dog biscuits were recalled, and the search is on for others,† NewsChannel 5’s Erin Vannella

Sensitive Facts on Free Act Essay Samples That Only the Experts Know Exist

Sensitive Facts on Free Act Essay Samples That Only the Experts Know Exist The Free Act Essay Samples Cover Up There's an endless number of different essay topics that may be analyzed. If you're assigned an essay but don't understand how to write it, you can purchase it on our website. Not just that, but nevertheless, it will also be harder to compare your essay to others. Your essay needs to have a conclusion in which you will need to summarize ideas and finish your work logically. Any paper is going to be written on time for an affordable price. If do not have any idea how an excellent five-paragraph essay ought to be formatted, please have a peek at unique examples posted online at no cost. You might also want to suggest additional research or comment on things that it wasn't possible that you discuss in the paper. If you're still on the lookout for the efficient academic writing help to come up with a well-organized five-paragraph paper, know you could order a full writ ing solution online with no obstacles or risks. Before discussing the conclusion, it's crucial to take a look at the manner body paragraphs are built. Your essay will be simpler to read, and in addition, individuals will have the ability to follow your ideas in an easy way. It is possible to always contact the writer in case you have questions or wish to look at the advancement of the purchase. Bear in mind which you have to spell out in your work how chosen examples support your standpoint. No matter whether you would like to understand how to compose a three paragraph essay of 5 paragraph paper, an introduction stays the same. The primary goal of the body paragraphs is to fully show the thesis statement. Finding out how to compose a disclaimer is something which many folks need to learn. Simply take a close look at each potential section. The Principles of Free Act Essay Samples That You Will be Able to Benefit From Beginning Immediately Development of thoughts and supp ort for claims are important for an excellent essay. Understanding how to write different kinds of essays will only aid you a limited volume. The secret to all kinds of synthesis is identical. Utilize ourcollege search to detect the on-line profiles of schools you need to research. If you're writing a background synthesis, in some instances it might be appropriate that you provide an interpretation of the material or have a position (thesis). Finish with a succinct overview of the ideas you presented. The ideas ought to be presented in a logical sequence. Ideas from other paragraphs ought to be connected with the correct use of transitions. Because addressing the association between your perspective and a minumum of one of the other 3 perspectives is an essential component of the essay task, you must be sure you understand what each prompt is saying. Within the body, as it is with the rest of the essays, writers are anticipated to provide supporting arguments which enhance the circulation of the essay and also makes it simple for the audience to comprehend the point of view of the writer. Perspective 3 It is essential that corporations adhere to all laws that pertain to them. In a number of sentences, you want to spell out the evidence that supports the perspective. What to Expect From Free Act Essay Samples? Sometimes employing a hook statement can be effective, but it's not required. Leave a gap of two lines and compose the facts of the individual you're writing the application to. Our customer support will gladly tell you whether there are any special offers at the present time, along with make sure you are getting the very best service our business can deliver. Each example ought to be appropriate. What to Expect From Free Act Essay Samples? Apparently, writing an essay on this issue of marijuana is too general. If you discover any words that are tricky to read, recopy them. ACT essay writing isn't any different to any to other forms of essay writing. You might want to follow formulaic writing, like the five-paragraph essay, or you might want to write in your style. Whether you're attempting to impress your fantasy school or simply want to boost your ACT score, the essay is a significant point to work on. Think about the ACT Essay rubric like a checklist of things you should do in your essay as a way to make a top score. ACT essays should be organized, and the ideas should be developed logically. The very best thing you can do to help yourself is ascertain whether you will need to compose the ACT Essay at all. A good'' ACT score rides on the colleges and universities you're considering. A great score on the ACT is one which puts you within the typical array of scores for the colleges of your selection. A great ACT Writing score is a remarkable approach to augment your college application. You need to have solid arguments not merely for, but additionally against the perspectives. Based on this issue, each essay will change depending on the depth of the thesis. Bear in mind that the thesis statement ought to be stated clearly. There are some quite excellent examples of thesis statements which may be shown before. The Do's and Don'ts of Free Act Essay Samples You could be thinking that there's no way that it is possible to write an excellent essay in such a quick period of time on a topic you've never seen before, and that's indeed correct. It's very simple to remembe r, once you're doing something which feels as free-form as a writing task, which you're actually taking a standardized test. You will likely not have enough time to compose a very first draft, edit and revise, and compose a last copy. This figure indicates a normal octagon inscribed in a circle. The Free Act Essay Samples Stories There's, obviously, a limit on the variety of pages even our finest writers can produce with a pressing deadline, but usually, we figure out how to satisfy all the clients seeking urgent assistance. The essay that's optional portion of the ACT will show test takers with a quick prompt which explains a complicated issue and details 3 distinct perspectives on this matter. As a consequence, the reader might even choose to sue you. Take notice and you'll succeed.

Being Successful on a Job Interview Free Essays

Being successful on a Job interview A Job Is always important for a graduate or a post-graduate. Because being In a Job Is all you can ask for after completing your Institutional education. Who doesn’t want to learn something from the real life? You would try your best to succeed in a job interview, because a Job will let u experience the real life deal. We will write a custom essay sample on Being Successful on a Job Interview or any similar topic only for you Order Now But being successful in a Job interview is not easy. There are few steps you can follow for succeeding on a job interview. First, you must wear nice clothes on your interview. A man must wear a aroma shirt, pant, tie and shoe. A white shirt with black pant, tie and shoe looks really good. Hence, a suit Is the most preferable for a man. A woman can wear a Scare (on Bangladesh perspective), but It shouldn’t be very colorful. A light colored scare (ex. Sky blue, light green, light pink etc) makes a woman look really admirable on a job interview. A suit is the most preferable for women also. You have to keep these in mind. Second, you should come a bit early on your interview day. This will let u relax your mind and get freshen up. You can also prepare well if u come early and be ready when your name Is called. On the other hand, you have to look at others and think about something that they don’t have. When the interview begins, go to the Interview room slowly and greet the Jury. It’ll make them think that you have no hurry and you are relaxed, which meaner you are a confident person. Third, be polite, clear, precise and confident. Being polite makes the Jury think that you are from a good family and society. This obviously makes a good impression on them. You should also be clear and precise about what you are saying. If they don’t understand your words, they will definitely not like whatever you say or how precise you are. Confidence has a great Influence on success. So you have to be confident on yourself and answer every single question confidently. No matter what strategy you maintain, don’t forget to be yourself, because it is the key to every success. Without being true to yourself, you cannot be true to others. So, always say the truth on your Job interview. That’s the ultimate key. How to cite Being Successful on a Job Interview, Papers

Being Successful on a Job Interview Free Essays

Being successful on a Job interview A Job Is always important for a graduate or a post-graduate. Because being In a Job Is all you can ask for after completing your Institutional education. Who doesn’t want to learn something from the real life? You would try your best to succeed in a job interview, because a Job will let u experience the real life deal. We will write a custom essay sample on Being Successful on a Job Interview or any similar topic only for you Order Now But being successful in a Job interview is not easy. There are few steps you can follow for succeeding on a job interview. First, you must wear nice clothes on your interview. A man must wear a aroma shirt, pant, tie and shoe. A white shirt with black pant, tie and shoe looks really good. Hence, a suit Is the most preferable for a man. A woman can wear a Scare (on Bangladesh perspective), but It shouldn’t be very colorful. A light colored scare (ex. Sky blue, light green, light pink etc) makes a woman look really admirable on a job interview. A suit is the most preferable for women also. You have to keep these in mind. Second, you should come a bit early on your interview day. This will let u relax your mind and get freshen up. You can also prepare well if u come early and be ready when your name Is called. On the other hand, you have to look at others and think about something that they don’t have. When the interview begins, go to the Interview room slowly and greet the Jury. It’ll make them think that you have no hurry and you are relaxed, which meaner you are a confident person. Third, be polite, clear, precise and confident. Being polite makes the Jury think that you are from a good family and society. This obviously makes a good impression on them. You should also be clear and precise about what you are saying. If they don’t understand your words, they will definitely not like whatever you say or how precise you are. Confidence has a great Influence on success. So you have to be confident on yourself and answer every single question confidently. No matter what strategy you maintain, don’t forget to be yourself, because it is the key to every success. Without being true to yourself, you cannot be true to others. So, always say the truth on your Job interview. That’s the ultimate key. How to cite Being Successful on a Job Interview, Papers

University Of Florida Essays - Baseball Park, Griffith Stadium

University Of Florida While being recruited by various colleges for baseball, I had to decide on a program with a great athletic, academic, and fan supported background. I chose the University of Florida because of their great athletic success in the past ten years and all of their well-equipped facilities. I never took a recruiting visit to the University of Florida, so when I first arrived to Gainesville and saw the baseball field for the first time I was amazed. The field looked as if it were a professional stadium. Whether you enjoy watching baseball or not, there is always something interesting happening at the ballpark. There are usually media personal conducting interviews, or fresh peanuts are being roasted, or a father and son are having a catch on the side of the field. Students also gather here and study or just hang out. Just as many people know, baseball is Americas pastime and the ballpark is where a family can come together, socialize, and have fun. The ballpark, also known as McKethan Stadium/Perry Field, is located in between the OConnel center and the soccer field/track. To gain entrance into the field, there are two large glass doors for athletes to enter through captured in picture #1. This leads towards the locker rooms, dugouts, and trainers room. Fans are prohibited from entering these doors, which is blocked off by security guards during games. This gives a sense of feeling that even college athletes are protected like professionals. Fans enter the stadium on a ramp towards the bleachers past the box office. This keeps the fans under control and away from the athletes. The outskirt of the stadiums landscape brings on a sense of beauty and security. A 6-foot metal fence encloses the stadium. Beyond the fence there are large palm trees and shrubbery surrounding the batting cages. This is illustrated in picture #2. The fence and plants serve as a way to keep non-ticket holders out of the stadium. This gives the field a sen se of security. Because of the stadiums location in the middle of the campus, it is easy access for anyone to attend games. Across the street from the stadium are apartment-like dorms where students can watch the games from their window. In one students window a large amount of baseballs are stacked up, from foul balls and homeruns that have landed in his or her yard. Prior to the games, fans stay on the outskirts of the stadium to finish their tailgate parties or just hang out with friends and drink beer. Because the stadium is a dry stadium they know that they can not bring their alcohol in. Fans intermingle along the street and fathers and sons play catch. The socializing that takes place at the ballpark allows for a nice friendly atmosphere. Just like every athletic event, everyone wears his or her Gator apparel to show their affiliation with their favorite team. This allows for the fans to show their free expressions and feelings. The stadium allows room for 4,500 fans. There are about 1,000 chair back seats, for rich sponsors and alumni. These fans are given first class treatment and have the best seats in the house. They have personal hosts take their food orders and bring it to them. Because of their high class and standards, I do not feel that they are true fans who get loud and rowdy. To me they are just there because of their social status. Their seats are sectioned off in picture #3 by the dark blue seats. All other fans and students seat in the bleacher sections (the white sections in the picture). These seats are located behind the chair back seats, and there is an extra student section located in left field exemplified in picture #4. Baseball is not a fast action sport like football, so fans tend to relax and socialize while the game goes on. Everyone does not stand up the whole time on his or her seats like the football games. Because of baseballs old fashioned tradition the only time fans get up an d stretch is during the seventh inning. During the off season, the field is open for the public to use. Local

Improving our recreational Essays - Bath Rugby, Recreation Ground

Improving our recreational Essays - Bath Rugby, Recreation Ground Improving our recreational centers South Providence Rec Center Student Boards/Student Voice Diverse Programs Diverse Population of Students Improved Technology Equipment Improved online accessibility Keep kids off the streets Importance of Parks and Recreation Community recreation services provide a refuge of safety for at-risk youth, its a place to play which is important in reducing at-risk behavior such as drug use and gang involvement. Recreational programs provide organized, structured, and enjoyable activities for all ages. Kids develop the skill necessary to success and confidently engage in sport, crafts, dance, social activities. Advisory Board The function of an advisory board is a group of people that come together and talk about improving the community. In order to increase community involvement a student advisory board should be created for all Providence Rec Centers. Why is an advisory board important? An advisory board will allow a strong student voice in Rec Center decision making. 72% of the kids we surveyed said its important to have a student voice. 28% of the kids we surveyed said its not important or dont know if its important. Do you go to a rec center? 38% of the kids we surveyed at JSEC go to a rec center. 62% of the kids we surveyed at JSEC dont go to a rec center. Do you go to a rec center? 38% of the kids we surveyed at JSEC go to a rec center. 62% of the kids we surveyed at JSEC dont go to a rec center. What activities or programs would you like to see at the Rec Center? Kids that go to a Rec Center would like to see What programs would attract you to your local Rec Center? If the Rec Center created programs/activities of your interest, would you go? 63% of the kids we surveyed said they would go to a Rec Center if the Rec Center added programs or activities of there interest. 13% of the kids we surveyed said they wouldnt go to a Rec Center even if they added in the programs or activities that theyre interested in. 24% of the kids we surveyed said they would possibly go to a Rec Center if they added in the programs or activities that interest them. Kids suggest that the Gym and Gym floor should be improved or redone. Kids also said they would like for the Rec Center to be more organized. Some kids said they would like for there to be more information about the Rec Center. About 75% of the kids we surveyed said that the staff meets their expectations and do a good job. We also asked kids if they feel welcomed/comfortable at the Rec Center, most of them said yes but some said that they dont. Students would like better equipment. What have you seen at the Rec Center that you would like to change or improve? Here are the percentages of the kids we surveyed that go to each Rec Center. We asked kids What benefits do you think you would get from going to a Rec Center? 19% of kids said to gain Experience. 22% of kids said to learn New Skills. 16% of kids said they would like to lose weight and/or be physically better. 18% of kids said they could make new friends. 25% of kids dont know what benefits they would get.

Start Learning English With Easy Lessons

Start Learning English With Easy Lessons Learning English can be a challenge at first and you have to start at the very beginning. From learning the alphabet to understanding adverbs and adjectives, a few lessons will help you work  on the basics of the English language. ABCs and 123s The first step in learning any language is to familiarize yourself with the alphabet. English begins with the letter A and continues through Z, with a total of 26 letters. To practice pronunciation, we have a very simple ABC song that is pretty easy to learn.   At the same time, its a good idea to practice numbers in English. Learning how to pronounce and write numbers is very helpful in day-to-day life, like when you need to buy something at the store. Basic Grammar English has eight basic parts of speech  that help us with grammar and to form complete sentences that others can understand. These are the noun, pronoun, adjective, verb, adverb, conjunction, preposition, and interjection. While those are important to study, there are also a few key grammar lessons that you should learn. For instance, when should you use  any  or  some? Whats the difference between  in, to, on, and  at? These are some of the basic questions you can find answers to in 25 short and essential English lessons. Overcome Spelling Even many native English speakers have troubles with spelling. It can be a challenge, so the more you can study, the better youll get at it. In ESL classes, teachers will share with you many of the most basic spelling rules, such as when to capitalize letters and when to use  ie  or  ei. There are many tricks to spelling in English and, often, the word doesnt look the same as its pronounced. In other cases, words may sound the same but are spelled differently and have different meanings. The words  to, two,  and  too  are a perfect example of this. Dont let these common spelling problems discourage you, learning them right from the start will help out. Verbs, Adverbs, and Adjectives Some of the most confusing but important words in the English language are verbs, adverbs, and adjectives. Each has a different use in grammar and all are good for beginners to study. Verbs are action words; they tell us what is happening and they change tense based on whether the action is in the past, present, or future. There are also auxiliary verbs like  be, do,  and  have  and these are in almost every sentence. Adverbs describe something and include words like  quickly, never,  and  above. Adjectives also describe things, but they tell us how something  is. For example, Ashley  is  shy  or the building is  big. More Essentials in English You have a lot to learn in English. Between your ESL classes and lessons like these, there is plenty of study material. It does get easier as you learn more and practice it in everyday life. To help out, there are a few more essentials that youll want to know. First of all, asking for help in your English class is important. The teacher may not know that you dont understand, so a few basic phrases will help out. To build your vocabulary, study the 50 most common words used in English. These are simple words that we use all the time, including  and, listen,  and  yes. Telling time is also important. It goes along with your number lesson and will help you understand when you need to be somewhere so youre not late.

Leadership and Change management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Leadership and Change management - Essay Example An effective form of leadership can be recognized as one of the chief determinants for an organization to attain competitive position in the fiercely growing business market (Andriopoulos and Dawson 197-199). The report aims to demonstrate the fundamental concept of leadership and its major significance in organizational success or failure. With regard to proactively recognize the roles and importance of leadership, the discussion of this project report enables to understand the leadership styles and functions of Jeff Bezos, the founder and the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) of Amazon.com, Inc. 2. LITERATURE REVIEW With regard to the study of Collins (2002), certain crucial factors like increased level of internationalization along with globalization and prevalence of extreme business market competition denote the emerging need of performing effective leadership practices within an organization. These effectual leadership practices can encourage the employees to perform better than th e existing efforts perform by them. Moreover, the practices help in enhancing the empowerment skills of every organizational member and generating new ideas in the workplace, resulting in accomplishing predetermined business targets of the organizations (Collins, â€Å"The Effectiveness of Managerial Leadership Development Programs: A Meta-Analysis of Studies from 1982-2001†). ... k of the recent activities and (3) learning about the challenges of working responsibility that occurs during the development level of leadership in an organization. Relating to this significant concern, the above discussed methods clearly define the selection of appropriate individuals as leaders who possess the ability to endure the indistinctness, relativity of knowledge along with the possessiveness of determining and continuing to learn innovative methods of working tasks (McCauley, â€Å"Leader Development: A Review of Research†). 3. COMPANY HISTORY Amazon is regarded as one of the foremost and renowned online retailers, which deals in selling various sorts of products over the web (internet). The company was founded by Jeff Bezos in the year 1994 and started its e-commerce business in the year 1995. With the rapid pace of technological developments along with the fiercely growing online business market, the organization has been recognized to develop its brand position through developing quality products or services to the global clients through online. Currently, the organization tends to offer a huge collection of products or services that include books, electronic goods, computer parts and accessories along with clothing and furniture items to the global customers over the medium of internet (Krishnamurthy, â€Å"Amazon.Com - A Business History†). 4. HISTORY OF THE FOUNDER Jeffrey P. Bezos (Jeff Bezos) is viewed to be a highly renowned name in the global online retailing business industry. The leader became much popular for his exceptional leadership skills that eventually made Amazon to become one of the successful and giant online stores in the respective business industry. Relating to the earliest days of Bezos, the leader graduated from Princeton University

Jews and Race in the United States Research Paper

Jews and Race in the United States - Research Paper Example This paper illustrates that according to the United States Supreme Court, the Jews are considered a race. This consideration was made for the purpose of establishing an anti-discrimination law, which was an important issue at that moment. They reasoned that when these laws were passed, people regularly spoke of the ‘‘Jewish race’’ in the same way as the ‘‘Negro race’’, hence the legislators main purpose was to protect this idea. However, many of the Jews were offended by the decision that was made by the legislators. The idea of Jews being considered as a race brought into mind the nightmarish vision of Germany, where the Jews were considered as a race, as well as an inferior race that was supposed to be rounded up in the ghettos and like a vermin, be exterminated. When the emotional part of this issue was put into consideration, the Jews were not considered as a race. On the other hand, race is a genetic distinction that refers to people who have shared the genetic traits and ancestry. Race is like a DNA and so it cannot be changed. In this case, an example to prove this fact is that, when an individual is an Asian, there is no way one can become a black no matter how much one wishes or desires. Jews own the Hollywood and the media in the USA. After an opinion, which took place on December 6, it was clearly shown that the Jews dominate Hollywood today in the USA. Their presence in the Hollywood happens to be a historical fact. Most for the producers and directors of the Hollywood are Jews, and that proves the fact that the Jews have taken over the Hollywood industry. In the USA, since Hollywood has the BIG MONEY as some refer to it as one has to be in favorable terms with the Jews since it is the Jews Agents that are in the theatre chains . One must liaise with them so that it becomes easy when you want to purchase a film story as well as signing stars into the contracts. In the year 1989, the Japanese Sony C orp decided not only to purchase the Columbia Pictures and the Tri-Star films, but also put the direction of the studios in charge of Jon Peters and Peter Guber, two young Jews that received the sum of half a billion plus an extra bonus. The production company owned by on Peters and Peter Guber was sold to Sony Corp for $200 million; In the case of Universal Pictures, it is 100 percent controlled by Jews. The chairman of MCA which is a parent company is called Lew Wassermann . The president of the same is Sidney Sheinberg and the film head is Thomas Pollack. They were behind the success of Do the Right Thing as well as The Last Temptation of Christ, both considered as anti-white and anti-Christian films respectively. On the other hand, Jew Barry Diller, who represents Married with Children, owns Fox TV . Rev. Donald Wildmon’s American Family Association has condemned the broadcasting for showing sexual, profane and un-Christian plots. Similar to the majority of Jews in media, the Jews in Hollywood lean towards secularity; their film productions are embedded neither in Judaism nor in Christian principles. However, there’s a misunderstanding regarding to the affirmation that the Jews control Hollywood. This is not the right phrase to use, but in essence, a lot of Jews work in Hollywood. According to Foxman, rather than use the term control, it would be wise to conclude that in Hollywood many directors and managers happen to be Jews; for instance all Paramount film studios are under the administration Jews. Moreover, Foxman stated that he is full of pride about their accomplishment. He believes that the Jews are represented in a

The Growth Of Islamic Fundamentalism In Afghanistan Politics Essay

The Growth Of Islamic Fundamentalism In Afghanistan Politics Essay If there has been an overriding feature of their history [the Afghans], it is that it has been a history of conflictof invasions, battles and sieges, of vendettas, assassinations and massacres, of tribal feuding, dynastic strife and civil war. (2001, 12) Martin Ewan, Afghanistan, A Short History of Its People and Politics Since the end of the Cold War, the Afghanistan has witnessed a considerable rise in internal violence. During the 1960s a struggle had developed between Communists and Islamists in Afghanistan.  [1]  After the withdrawal of Soviet troops and subsequent takeover by the Taliban, Afghanistan has been constantly turning into a radically Islamist nation. FOUNDATION OF ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM IN THE AFGHANISTAN The USSRs attempts to consolidate a Communist regime in Afghanistan, first through aid and indirect involvement and later through direct military involvement, were major components in the development of the civil war in Afghanistan which eventually led to the victory of the Mujahidin and the rise of the fundamentalist Islamic regime.  [2]   In 1979, after the invasion had jolted the Muslim world. They realized that they were in no position to conduct a conventional campaign against Soviet Union. Thus a number of Muslim volunteers commenced moving to Pakistan to assist in the jihad. One of the first volunteers to move in to Pakistan was Osama Bin Laden. He said, One day in Afghanistan is like thousand days in a mosque. At first he personally covered the cost of travel of all volunteers to Afghanistan. In early 1980, he set up Masadat Al Ansar, then the main base for Arab mujahedeen in Afghanistan  [3]  . This was the first time a formalized training camp was set up in this country. During this period Sheikh Abd Allah Yussuf Azza, who was the key in establishing the International Legion of Islam- hard core of international terrorism, came in contact with Bin Laden. Together they established the Bait ul Ansar, which received and trained the first Islamist volunteers for Afghanistan. The Afghan Mujahidin waged their struggle against the USSR not only as a national liberation war but as a jihad in which radical Islamic elements from throughout the Muslim world took part and which had the blessing of most Arab and Muslim states  [4]  . However, most of the Mujahidin movements centred around traditional religious leadership based on ethnic and regional considerations, although some of the movements were heterogeneous and included supporters and included supporters and activities from various ethnic groups. The protest movement formed around local political and religious leaders and gradually developed into two main factions.  [5]   The first faction wanted to transform Afghanistan into an Islamic state in the spirit of Islamic law (Shariah). They adopted principals from the ideology of the Muslim Brotherhood and advocated jihad against the Communist regime. This stream became known as the fundamentalist stream.  [6]   The second faction wanted to found a regime in the unique tribal tradition of Afghanistan. They also advocated struggle against the Communist regime. A considerable portion of the leaders of this faction came from the ranks of the supporters of King Zahir and inspired to reinstate the monarchy. This stream, which became known as the traditional or moderate stream, felt that the life of the individual should be guided by Islam but community and state problems should be solved in the tribal Afghan way.  [7]   All the major mujahidin parties advocate an Islamic republic as an end goal and are essentially religious. Islam has been the primary ideology and unifying factor among all these parties in the course of the struggle against the Soviet occupation; secular parties have attracted no significant following, especially the left, which was discredited by the communist takeover. Within the spectrum of Islam, however, these parties differ significantly in their makeup and approach. Traditional analysis has divided the seven Sunni parties into four Islamist and three traditional parties  [8]  . (a) Islamist. (i) Hizb- e -Islami (the Islamic Party), led by Gulbuddin Hikmetyar, primarily Pashtun in membership and radical in character. An Islamic fundamentalist-oriented movement advocating the foundation of a central Islamic republic. The organization is a variance and in conflict with the majority of the other Islamic movement. (ii) Hizb- e -Islami (the Islamic Party), led by Younis Khalis, primarily Pashtun in membership (on a tribal basis) and kept the original name even splitting from Gulbuddin Hikmetyars party. A fundamentalist-oriented movement that advocates the foundation of a theocratic republic. (iii) Ittihad-e- Islami (the Islamic Alliance of Afghan Mujahidin), led by Abdul Rasul Sayyaf, mainly Pashtun and radical in character as well as Saudi-oriented. An organization with a conservative ideology that advocates the establishment of an Islamic republic. The organization developed into a body that attempted to unify various Afghan elements located in Pakistan. (iv) Jamaat-e-Islami (the Islamic Movement of Afghanisdtan), led by Burhanuddin Rabbani, with membership mainly drawn from northern Afghanistan (Tajiki extraction) and more moderate in character. An Islamic fundamentalist-oriented movement advocating the foundation of a theocratic republic. (b) Traditionalist. (i) Harakat-e-Inquila Islami (The Islamic Revolutionary Movement), led by Mohammad Nabi Muhammadi, primarily Pashtun in membership and drawing more on traditional clergy. A conservative organization that aligns itself with returning to the prerevolutionary establishment (a relatively moderate organization). (ii) Jabha-ye-Nejat-e-Milli (The National Liberation Front), led by Sibghatullah Mujaddedi, mainly Pashtun in membership and Sufi oriented. A monarchist organization that supports reestablishment of the Pashtun establishment in the pre-revolutionary format. This is a relatively small organization among the Pashtun population. (iii) Mahaz-e-Islami (the Islamic National Front of Afghanistan), led by Pir Sayed Ahmad Gailani, mainly Pashtun and Sufi oriented as well as pro-royalist. A monarchist organization that aligns itself with reinstatement of the monarchy (in the pre-revolutionary format) In addition, there are a variety of Shiite parties as many as ten at present, but with only a few having substantial political clout. Eight of these Shiite parties are religious and oriented toward Iran but are not necessarily firm in their support of the political line of the Ayatollah Khomeini. Two Shiite parties are not affiliated with Iran. Main Shiite organizations are  [9]  :- (a) Shura, led by Sayed Ali Beheshti. The organization advocates establishment of a Hazara autonomy. IT reached its height of power in 1979-1980 but later lost Iranian support to more radical Shiite organizations. (b) Nasser (Victory), led by Mir Hussein Tsadiki. An organization that advocates Hazara separatism. The organization was supported in the early 1980s by the Iranians as a counterbalance to the Shura but gradually became overly independent and lost Irans support. (c) Harkat-e-Islami (Movement of Islami Revolution), led by Mohammed Alsayyaf Muhseini. The organization advocates establishment of an Islamic state. It was supported by Hazara population and the Dari-speaking Shiite populations. (d) The Revolutionary Guards, led by Muhsein Razzai. A Khomeini-Hazara organization that advocates unification with Iran. Since 1984 the organization has massive Iranian support. (e) Hizbullah is a Hazara organization with a Khomeini orientation that advocates unification with Iran. The organization receives substantial support from Iran and maintains cooperative ties with Hizbullah in other countries. AFGHAN FUNDAMENTALISM : ITS ROOT OF LEGITIMACY The Afghan fundamentalist, or Islamist, movement enjoys a powerful base of legitimacy in Afghan politics owing to three key factors as under :- (a) The historic role of Afghanistan as defender of the faith in the Indian subcontinent. (b) The Islamists opposition to communism in Afghanistan in the early 1970s which forced many Afghan leaders to work from Pakistan against communist influence (the 1978 communist coup in Afghanistan overwhelmingly vindicated the Islamists initial fear of communist influence and intentions). (c) The paramount role of Islamist and religious parties in the struggle against Soviet occupation. AFGHANISTAN ROLE OF DEFENDER OF THE FAITH Afghanistan has had a unique and long-established tradition as defender of Islam in the subcontinent  [10]  . In the 19th century, for example, India (including present-day Pakistan and Bangladesh) was under the rule of the British Raj, the Turkish Ottoman Empire controlled vast portion of the Arab world, and Iran was helpless in the face of Russian and British domination but Afghanistan was one of a handful of truly independent Muslim countries in the world. Afghanistan alone had maintained its own independence from foreign control since 1747, and it thus enjoyed respect and recognition throughout the Muslim world. Afghanistans Durrani Empire in the 19th century was actually the second largest Muslim empire in the world at that time, ceding first place only to the Ottomans  [11]  . In the 19th century, Kabul helped foment Islamic political uprisings in India and was itself seen as one of the few places of refuge for those Muslims in British India who felt it was religiously untenable to live in a godless(British-run) state. Kabul also struck several severe blows against British power in the region, most notably by repelling what turned out to be a disastrous invasion of Afghanistan by the British army in 1842.  [12]   THE FOUNDATIONS OF ISLAMIST STRENGTH The strength of the Islamist movement in Afghanistan today rests largely on its military capabilities and on the strength of its political organization. The movement is not, in other words, a popular one, although it does command widespread respect for its role in the liberation of the country from Soviet occupation. It derives particular legitimacy from having provided the ideological spearhead for that struggle, radical Islam, which transcends mere nationalism. The Islamists movement, however, had actively opposed communist coup and takeover began. The movement thus occupies a central place in Afghan politics today. That all Afghan mujahidin parties today have a religious basis was underscored during the anti-Soviet jihad, or holy war a conflict that helped define the Islamic orientation of contemporary Afghan politics. Hence, there is a strong likelihood that the political, removal or fall of Najibullahs Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) will be followed by the establishment of some type of Islamic republic -one that is committed in some measure to the implementation of Islamic law (the Shari a). Possible Islamic models from which Afghanistan might draw include the Islamic governments of Iran, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia. The actual character of the new Afghan government, however, could vary considerably, depending in who dominates it and on the nature of specific policies and methods of implementation. Of the seven Sunni mujahidin parties in Afghanistan today, four are fundamentalist-ideological-Islamist in character, and two of these four are radical in their beliefs and operating style. Together, these four parties have the more integral role in the Soviet conflict than have the more traditional parties. Indeed, a key contributor to the Islamists strength has been the large measure of support that the radical Islamist parties have derived from Pakistan by virtue of their military performance and zeal. Such support was bolstered by former Pakistans President Mohammed Zia-ul-Haqq, who found the politics of the Afghan Islamist parties in consonance with his own Islamisation campaign in Pakistan. The Afghan Islamists, for their part, enjoyed the backing of Pakistani religious parties, who in turn were strong pillars of support for Zia. Zia also understood that the ideological orientation of the Islamist parties would largely inhibit them from encouraging Pashtun ethnic separatism in Pakistan an Afghan policy of nearly 30 years standing that had engendered considerable tension between the two countries. Islamists disapprove of narrow ethnic orientation as a basis for the state and instead support broader political groupings based on a common Islamic outlook. The close cooperation between Pakistan and the Afghan mujahidin against Soviet occupation of Afghanistan had one important and immediate consequence: the long standing hostility between Pakistan and Afghanistan has abated considerably. Benazir Bhuttos brief term as Prime Minister following Zias death, despite her more secular policies, did not significantly weaken Pakistans ties with the Afghan mujahidin. Fundamentalist parties in Pakistan will continue to support Afghan fundamentalist groups, regardless of the policies of Islamabad in the future. WILL THE FUNDAMENTALISTS COME TO POWER? Ironically, the removal of Soviet troops from Afghanistan has weakened one of the principal sources of Islamist strength in Afghanistan- for while all mujahidin parties may agree on the desirability of an Islamic government, consensus on power sharing is an entirely different matter. There are in fact deep rifts among the parties, mot only between traditionalists and Islamists but also among Islamists themselves. These divisions, which reflect ideological, regional, and ethnic differences as well as conflicts between personalities, are not likely to be readily resolved in the wake of the Soviet withdrawal. The strength of the Islamist parties rests on other factors as well like as under:- (a) Pakistan and Saudi preferences with respect to the distribution of aid among the mujahidin have served to strengthen the Islamists by providing them with greater opportunity to distribute their financial and military largess and hence to attract a broader following including support among the military commanders. (b) The mujahidins use of Pakistan as a political base of operations a factor that has skewed the true there -way power relationships inside Afghanistan among the parties, their local mujahidin commanders, and the populace at large has worked to the Islamists advantage. WEAKNESSES OF THE ISLAMIST PARTIES While the Islamists are still the single strongest element in Afghanistans political equation today, some of their strength derives from the location of their political base in the Pakistani border city of Peshawar, where Pakistans own political influence over the mujahidin can be maximized. As the struggle moves out of the anti Soviet, anticommunist phase and into a phase of civil war, the influence of the special political climate of Peshawar will diminish, and with it, the influence of Pakistan itself over the struggle. Other factors that may contribute to the possible weakening of Islamist influence are as follows :- (a) The Islamists lack a charismatic national figure like, for example, Irans Ayatollah Khomeini who will serve as a natural leader. (b) If financial support to specific mujahidin parties is severed in pursuit of a political solution in Kabul, it is unclear how much strength the Islamist parties would retain. While the Islamists ideological and organizational strengths remain significant in Peshawar, an internal power struggle inside Afghanistan would present a new set of variables that would affect the ultimate success of one party over another. (c) The Islamist parties are by no means united within themselves. (d) Because tribalism and regional loyalties in Afghanistan were largely subordinated in the decade long effort of all national elements to expel the Soviet Union, a permanently enhanced sense of national unity may now exist. On the other hand, the expulsion of the Soviet enemy may refocus Afghan politics on older and more parochial issues. Tribalism and regionalism are already reasserting themselves, essentially working against the radical Islamist parties. (e) Mujahidin commanders inside the country maintain only tenuous ties with the Peshawar parties. Hence they may not fully share the political views of these parties and may be increasingly inclined to act independently or to pursue their own agendas if alternative sources of aid weaken the party hold. (f) The highly disproportionate representation of ethnic Pashtuns among the refugee population in Pakistan skews our understanding of the political preferences of the broader population as a whole inside Afghanistan especially when Pakistan refugee camps are used as a basis for public opinion findings, press coverage, straw polls, and identification of political attitudes. Current Islamist strength in the Peshawar environment might well weaken once politics shift inside the country. The Islamists are therefore likely to come to power only by military means. The moderate parties in particular are concerned that the most radical Islamist faction, Hizb-e-Islami (the Islamic Party ), led by Gulbuddin Hikmetyar, may attempt to use Leninist tactics to eliminate other mujahidin leaders by assassination in order to secure power a fear that is based more on the personality of Gulbuddin than on the character of his Islamic ideology per se. While such an attempt cannot be ruled out, it is highly unlikely that a minority radical Islamist party attempting to do just that. Any radical Islamic leadership that sought to rule successfully would have to come to terms with the other political and ideological elements within the country. WHAT WOULD A RADICAL ISLAMIST LEADERSHIP MEANS? Any Islamist regime in Afghanistan, were it to come to power, would differ sharply from Irans Islamist regime in many important respects. First, such a regime would be firmly Sunni rather than Shiite in character, suggesting a greater ability to work with elements of secular state power as well as a less apocalyptic, oppression and martyr- oriented outlook. Afghan Islamists, furthermore, lack the depth of hostility toward the United States that has characterized Iranian politics. The Afghan Islamists in fact have almost no formal grievances against any past US role in Afghanistan; to the contrary, however much they may dislike US culture, the Islamists are well aware that the United States played a pivotal role in the anti- Soviet struggle. Afghan political culture as a whole also tends to be far less xenophobic than that of Iran- simply because Afghanistan has never been dominated and manipulated by foreign powers as consistently as was Iran throughout the 19th and early 20th centur ies. Nonetheless, Afghan Islamists share with other Islamist world movements the same concerns over the threat to the Islamic way of life posed by Western and especially American culture. Essentially , the Islamists perceive the United States as representing secularism, permissiveness, hedonism, individualism- all of which they see as deeply corrosive to the establishment of the virtuous Islamic society. Any Islamic Afghan regime will thus oppose such influences inside Afghanistan and will limit Afghan contact with American cultural influences. In addition, any Islamist regime in Kabul will gravitate strongly toward nonalignment and exclusion of Western as well as Soviet influence in the region. Such a regime would therefore oppose a US military presence in the Persian Gulf states, in Pakistan, or anywhere else in the Muslim world. Similarly, it would be likely to support the cause of Islamic minorities in regions such as India and the CAR. As an example, major ethnic elements in Afghanistan, such as Tajiks, Uzbeks, and Turkmen, are heavily represented in the CAR- a phenomenon that the Soviets have attempted to exploit in efforts to draw Afghanistan closer to the USSR. Yet such tactics have not assisted Soviet policy and in fact have likely backfired; ties between ethnic elements of both sides of the Soviet border are more likely to draw these populations closer together, resulting in an effort to diminish Moscows influence and to broaden the options of the Muslim populations of the CAR. Finally, an Islamist Afghan regime will be strongly conscious of Western imperialism and will be a strong advocate of the have-nots in North vs South issues. Despite these positions, however, an Islamist Afghanistan will have limited opportunity or reason to directly attack US interests, since such interests in Afghanistan will be highly limited in their scope. Afghan Islamists would unquestionably support the cause of fundamentalist parties in Pakistan, which could bring them into conflict with US policies there. Unlike pre- 1978 Afghan governments, however, Afghan Islamists are unlikely to support ethnic separatism in Pakistan. An Islamist Afghanistan will share some philosophical interests with Iran, but it would not be likely to cooperate closely with Iran on anything other than broad international Islamic issues. Sunni fundamentalists will in fact resent Irans support of the Afghan Shia, who will represents Irans chief instrument of influence in Afghanistan, and there is likely to be some degree of rivalry between a Sunni and a Shiite Islamic republic. Irans bid for influence in Afghanistan has nonetheless risen dramatically since the end of the Iran- Iraq War, and it perceives itself as a major player in future Afghan politics. Part of Irans goal here is to thwart Saudi interests. EMERGENCE OF TALIBAN Ever since the fall of Najibullah government and withdrawal of Soviet forces, the attempts by Pakistan to form a consensus regime in Kabul had failed. Pakistan also failed to install Hekmatayar govt and Rabbani had his own ambitions showing no inclination to accept Pakistani directions. By early 1994,the Inter Service Intelligence Agency (ISI) realised that the Rabbani regime was slowly consolidating itself in Kabul. This development was against Pakistans overall interests in Afghanistan and forced her to look for an alternative. Maj Gen (Retd) Naseerullah Babar, the Interior Minister in the second Benazir Bhutto Government conceived the idea of creating a students militia along with some veterans from the Afghan Mujahedeen who had fought the Soviet Army and who had taken shelter in Pakistan.  [13]   The infrastructure for launching Taliban was set up by May 1994.  [14]  The word Taliban literally means students of religious schools . The Taliban militia largely comprises students of religious schools (Madrassas) in Baluchistan and NWFP. Initially these Madrassas were set up by Jamait-i-Uiema-lslam (JUI) led by Maulana Fazlur Rehman for the Afghan refugees. Subsequently the Pak ISI took over these institutions and extended training, moral and material support to Taliban. The movement was very well planned to exploit religious sentiments of Islamic countries and Islamic organisations. This also paved way for easy recruitment and funds from international Islamic community. Taliban in Afghanistan is unique in the sense that it is not the product of a national movement like its predecessor, the Mujahidin, which waged a war against the Soviet Union and its Afghan puppets. The Taliban is a force created by the Pakistan with the twin purposes of containing Iran and diluting, and eventually weakening, Russian influence in its former Muslim-majority republic. The implicit aim is to preserve Pakistans influence over Afghanistan as the Taliban is dependent on Pakistan for logistics and military training and on the UAE for funds. Pakistan aimed following major advantages by Pakistan by supporting Taliban are:- (a) Militarily subdue and defeat the Tajik and Uzbek ethnic militias, bring Afghanistan under Taliban rule and thereby secure the Kabul-Salang-Kunduz highway, the major artery leading to Central Asian Republics. (b) Seek diplomatic international recognition for Taliban and orchestrate its future actions in consonance with her own interests. (c) Gain strategic depth vis-a-vis India. (d) Maintain Taliban as an anti India instrument for reigniting the Kashmir insurgency.  [15]  

Hrm 531 Training and Mentoring Program

Training & Mentoring Program Student HRM 531 April 4, 2011 Instructor Training and Mentoring The merger between InterClean and EnviroTech is fast approaching. Our two companies will soon be crossed trained in various functions and positions within the newly formed organization. We have individuals from both organizations who have strong sales and leadership skills. In addition, InterClean executives need to balance growth and sustained success both locally and worldwide. In order to do that, it is necessary to establish a training program for the newly formed sales team. Cascio (2005) explains that identifying content, design, types of learners and what it will do for InterClean are some of the targets to reach for. The real measure however, Cascio explains, lies in the results obtained, in this case how well we perform as a sales team (page 317). As we move forward in this memo, we will explain the importance of evaluating the value of the training program. Since this is a step-by-step process we will break the subjects into the following areas, assessment, training, capabilities, implementation and evaluation. Assessment of the Training Needs The goal of training assessment needs is to identify areas where the new sales team will need additional support. For instance, since this new sales team is a meld of experienced sales representatives from both organizations, each sales representative has his/her unique style and ability. The next few paragraphs will identify and talk about the training needs identified. Training – Orientation First, InterClean believes that an employee orientation is in order. Introducing our new sales associates to InterClean procedures and methods of operations and expectations will answer many pending questions. Although some of the newly formed team are from InterClean, it is important to have everyone in the sales team be included in the orientation training. Cascio (2005) believes that there are three major areas in which to focus when providing an orientation: Company Standards, Social Climate, and Technical Aspects (page 317). Specifically, job performance skills identified within the team include familiarization with InterClean standards and expectations. These standards and expectations, including company goals, are not the same as when InterClean began and it is imperative that all sales team members attend this training. This will allow employees understand company policies, goals and expectations. The topic of social climate allows for the team to understand the group dynamics and hopefully begin blending of customs, attitudes and behaviors. Training in technical aspects will give all sales team members an advantage as they will be fully prepared to answer questions about both products and services as well as demonstrate use. All team members are expected to complete the Orientation training since the dynamics of the company are changing. Training – Customer Service Customer Service training has been identified as one of the most crucial training areas within the InterClean sales team. There are several members of the new team who have excellent customer service skills. They will however, need to consider how to maintain consistent communication with the customer so that one sales associate will provide the same service as the next. Having a positive relationship with the customer will provide a solid foundation which will help the sales team focus on â€Å"helping the customer† vs. â€Å"selling to the customer. † This concept will help InterClean realize the 40% growth expected through the merger of the two companies. Cascio (2005) suggests that improving customer satisfaction, identifying customer needs, satisfaction and building better customer responsiveness is a paramount to improving the bottom line (page 292). All employees are expected to complete the Customer Service Training. Training – Team Building The new sales team will be learning to face challenges together and work as a cohesive, organized team. To reach this goal, it is imperative that the sales team, including management, undergo team building training. Providing training for everyone in the sales team, team members can learn behaviors that will help each other. For instance, asking for help is sometimes hard, yet working within a team it is imperative that we have that ability. We lean on each other for ideas, creativity, technical skills and input. It is so important to consider the ideas of others; brainstorming often fosters free thinking, ideas, and asking questions. (Cascio 2005 pg. 288) Training – Leadership & Record Keeping Training in leadership will be offered to the Vice President of Sales, Sales Manager and the Trainer/Outside Sales Representative. The training sessions for the three individuals will focus on team building and leadership. The VP of Sales and the Manager need additional training in record keeping. Organizational Capabilities InterClean has the resources to complete the above described training. The Vice President of HR has developed a strategy plan which will align the two companies with the most qualified individuals. This plan includes a detailed job analysis, skills assessment and a selection of the top members of the sales force. In addition, HR has developed a training program based on the training needs of InterClean. Statement of the Training Objectives Orientation Objectives †¢ Increase awareness of company goals, expectations and vision †¢ Employees will develop a sense of purpose and focus Provide employees with latest rules and regulations related to products and services †¢ Provide a record of training in company standards, expectations, method of operation and regulations related to products and services Customer Training Objectives †¢ Increase customer satisfaction through improved business relationships with the customer †¢ Increase repeat business through higher level of customer satisfaction †¢ Increase consistency between sale s associates so all customers receive identical core services †¢ Increase sales by 10% first year and 40% by end of second year Record Keeping Objectives Introduce methods related to maintaining accounts †¢ Increase record keeping accuracy Team Building Objectives †¢ Allow team to get to know each other †¢ Emphasize individual leadership and initiative †¢ Increase interdependence and thereby cooperation †¢ Give team members tools to help problem solve Method of Implementation The training program will be announced within the next seven days. The course will be outlined over a two-day period with follow up sessions available for product information and sales. Three sessions (Orientation, Customer Training and Team Building) will include the entire sales force, while Record Keeping training will include VP of Sales, Sales Manager and the Trainer (for a portion thereof). Methods of Instruction †¢ Seminar †¢ PowerPoint †¢ Group exercises †¢ Role Playing †¢ Guest speakers (product development, laws & regulations, EnviroTech) Instructors †¢ Janet Durham – leadership and previous sales skills †¢ Tom Jennings – Planning for global dominance †¢ Sally Lindley – Partnerships Training Location †¢ EnviroTech facility Duration of Training 2 full days, with 1 week breakout sessions tailored to mentor students Record Keeping (related to training) †¢ Sign in Sheets †¢ Copy of each presentation †¢ Duration of training †¢ Document of videos, speakers, etc †¢ Video tape training sessions where appropriate Evaluation of the Program’s Success Assess Potential Suc cess We will be able to assess the potential success of the training program through several avenues. One being a series of feedback from the attendees. In addition, pre-test to measure knowledge, skills and ability prior to training and post-tests to evaluate increase knowledge, skills and ability after training. As trainees venture into role-playing and practicing with the techniques, they will begin to discover potential pitfalls and relative improvements. Demonstration of techniques learned is crucial to success. Another measurable activity will be an increase in the number of sales. The overall success of the training program will be evident in the increase in profits. Reinforcements †¢ Rewards for reaching sales goals, both individual and group †¢ Promotion to senior levels, stability on the senior level is determined by consistently meeting goals. Conclusion As the training program evolves, so do the employees. With the strong leadership and sales skill present within the team, success is immanent. However, the success of the sales team is only as good as the training and support system provided by InterClean. In this memo we have outlined the training program we believe will assist the new team to take on the challenge of both product and service and provide the customer with everything they need. Reference Cascio, W. F. (2005). Managing Human Resources (7th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.